An essential nutrient and natural water-soluble vitamin of the B-complex family that must combine with an intrinsic factor for absorption by the intestine.
Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) is necessary for hematopoiesis, neural metabolism, DNA and RNA production, and carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism.
Vitamin B12 improves iron functions in the metabolic cycle and assists folic acid in choline synthesis.
Vitamin B12 metabolism is interconnected with that of folic acid.
Vitamin B12 deficiency causes pernicious anemia, megaloblastic anemia, and neurologic lesions.

National Cancer Institute. NCI Drug Dictionary. Internet. June 15, 2016.