What is Ketorolac - Meaning and definition

Published by Roberto Wenk. Reviewed by Alison Ramsey. Last updated date: January 8, 2019.

A synthetic pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities.
Ketorolac non-selective inhibits the enzymes cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) and COX-2. The inhibition of COX-2, up-regulated at sites of inflammation, prevents conversion of arachidonic acid to pro-inflammatory prostaglandins. The inhibition of COX-1 by this agent prevents the normal steady-state production of prostaglandins that play housekeeping roles in the protection of the gastrointestinal tract, the regulation of renal blood flow, and platelet aggregation.
As a result, the inhibition of COX-1 may be associated with gastrointestinal toxicity, nephrotoxicity, and the inhibition of platelet aggregation.

National Cancer Institute. NCI Drug Dictionary. Internet. September 15, 2009.

Published by Roberto Wenk. Last updated date: February 17, 2016.

Adult
PO
Post-op pain,moderate to severe: 20 mg, followed by 10 mg 4-6 hrly as continuation therapy from parenteral dosing. Max: 40 mg/day.

IM/IV
Post-op pain, moderate to severe. Initial: 10 mg, followed by 10-30 mg 4-6 hrly (up to 2 hrly during initial post-op period) by IM or IV bolus over ≥15 seconds. Max: 90 mg/day.

Ophth
Ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis - 0.5% soln: Instill 1 drop 4 times/day.
Prophylaxis and reduction of post-op eye inflammation - 0.5% soln: Instill 1 drop 4 times/day beginning 24 hr after cataract surgery and continuing through the 1st 2 wk of the post-op period.

Adverse drug reactions: drowsiness, dizziness, headache, mental and sensory changes, psychotic reactions, dry mouth, fever, convulsions, myalgia, palpitations, fluid retention, increases in blood urea and creatinine, acute renal failure, nephrotic syndrome, inhibition of platelet aggregation, liver function changes.

Adapted from CIMS Drug Information System. Internet. Accessed on January 10, 2016.

Ketorolac

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